The spotter detects, observes, and assigns the target and watches for the results of the shot. The spotter is the 'brain' of the sniping team. Using his spotting scope, he will also read the wind by using physical indicators (dust, leaves...) and the mirage caused by the heat on the ground. Also, in conjunction with the shooter, he will accurately make calculations for the distance, angle shooting (slant range), mils dot related calculation, correction for atmospheric conditions, and leads for moving target.
He also provides the team security, therefore he is usually armed, e.g., with an automatic assault rifle. It is often the case that the sniper rifle is assigned exclusively to a single person, therefore in the case of rotation the spotter carries two weapons.
The spotter is also usually tasked to ensure proper communication with adjacent units, adjusting indirect fire and close air support for the team.
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